Leukaemia, a type of blood cancer in children, is a life-threatening condition affecting many kids worldwide. Early detection and proper treatment can significantly improve outcomes. This blog explores the types, symptoms, and treatments of leukaemia in children, offering parents the knowledge needed to navigate this challenging diagnosis.
Types of Leukaemia in Children
Understanding the type of leukaemia is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. The primary types of leukaemia in children include:
1. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL)
- The most common type of blood cancer in children, accounting for nearly 75% of cases.
- It affects lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, and progresses rapidly.
2. Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML)
- Affects myeloid cells, responsible for producing red blood cells, platelets, and other white blood cells.
- Though less common, AML progresses quickly and requires immediate intervention.
3. Chronic Myelogenous Leukaemia (CML)
- Rare in children and progresses more slowly compared to acute forms.
- Often detected through routine blood tests before significant symptoms develop.
4. Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukaemia (JMML)
- A rare form of leukaemia, most common in children under 6 years old.
- Falls between acute and chronic types, lead to abnormal blood cell production.
How I Knew My Child Has Leukaemia
Recognizing the early warning signs of leukaemia in children can be life-saving. Many parents notice symptoms that are often mistaken for common illnesses.
- Persistent Fatigue and Weakness
- A consistent lack of energy was one of the first signs that something was wrong.
- Frequent Infections
- My child had recurring fevers and infections that antibiotics couldn’t resolve.
- Unexplained Bruising and Bleeding
- Easy bruising, frequent nosebleeds, and prolonged bleeding from minor cuts caught my attention.
- Pale Skin and Loss of Appetite
- My child appeared unusually pale and had a sudden disinterest in eating.
If you observe any of these symptoms, consult a paediatric specialist immediately. Early diagnosis is critical in managing blood cancer in children.
Leukaemia in Children’s Symptoms
The symptoms of leukaemia in children vary by type but often include:
- General Symptoms
- Fatigue, weakness, and frequent infections.
- Pale skin and sudden weight loss.
- Specific Symptoms
- Bone and joint pain.
- Swelling in the abdomen due to an enlarged spleen or liver.
- Lumps or swelling in the neck, underarms, or groyne caused by swollen lymph nodes.
- Bruising, frequent nosebleeds, and prolonged bleeding.
When to See a Doctor
If your child shows any combination of these symptoms for an extended period, seek medical attention promptly. Testing can confirm or rule out a diagnosis of leukaemia in children.
Leukaemia in Children’s Treatment
Treatments for blood cancer in children have advanced significantly, offering hope for improved outcomes. The treatment plan depends on the type and stage of leukaemia.
1. Chemotherapy
- The primary treatment for most types of leukaemia in children.
- Involves administering drugs to destroy cancer cells.
2. Radiation Therapy
- Used in specific cases to target and destroy cancer cells in certain areas.
3. Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT)
- Also known as a stem cell transplant.
- Replaces damaged bone marrow with healthy donor cells.
4. Targeted Therapy
- Uses drugs designed to attack specific genetic mutations in leukaemia cells.
5. Immunotherapy
- Enhances the body’s immune system to fight leukaemia more effectively.
Supporting Your Child Through Treatment
Coping with leukaemia in children is challenging for both the child and their family. Here are some ways to provide support:
- Emotional Support
- Encourage open conversations about their feelings and fears.
- Healthy Lifestyle Choices
- Maintain a nutritious diet and ensure adequate rest during treatment.
- Regular Follow-Ups
- Consistent check-ups are essential to monitor progress and manage side effects.
Conclusion
Leukaemia in children is a serious condition but not insurmountable. Early recognition of symptoms, accurate diagnosis, and timely treatment are key to better outcomes. Parents play a vital role in their child’s recovery journey by staying informed and seeking specialised care.
For expert consultation on managing blood cancer in children, consider reaching out to Dr.Satish Sharma, a trusted paediatric oncology doctor in Ranchi. With his expertise and compassionate approach, Dr. Satish Sharma provides comprehensive care tailored to each child’s unique needs. Early intervention can make all the difference in your child’s fight against leukaemia.